Fitness Glossary
- Saggital
- The Saggital plane (otherwise known as the anterior/posterior plane), is an imaginary line that divides the body into right and left halves. Sagittal plane exercises lie on the frontal axis.
- Scaption
- Is a shoulder movement that is in-between a shoulder lateral raise and a front raise. You raise your arm at a 45-degree angle from your body, so it's not straight in front (front raise) of you or straight out to the side (lateral raise) AND the thumb is pointing upward. This allows the greater tubercle of the humerus to avoid impingement with the acromion process.
- Scapulohumeral Rhythm
- The movement relationship between the humerus and the scapula during arm raising movements.
- Soft Tissue
- Usually referring to myofascial tissues, or any tissues that do not contain minerals (such as bone).
- Speed
- Ability to move the whole body quickly.
- Stability
- Remaining consistent and steady. Joint stability: Integrity of the entire joint.
- Stabilization
- The ability to control the body both statically and dynamically.
- Stabilizer Muscle
- A muscle responsible for stabilizing an adjacent segment.
- Static Posture
- The position of the body at rest, sitting, standing or lying.
- Sticking Point
- The point in a movement or exercise through which movement is most difficult. This is especially pertinent in free motion exercises like the squat where posture and body position are so demanding - it is often very tempting to break form in order to pass through the sticking point, and that is where the body becomes most susceptible to precarious positions and potential injury. Another example: The point in the range of motion where the person performing is at a biomechanical DIS-advantage. Example: The 90-degree position in an isolated arm curl.
- Stress
- A physiological or psychological response to a stressor beyond what is needed to accomplish a task.
- Stressor
- Any stimulus or condition that causes physiological arousal beyond what is necessary to accomplish the activity.
- Structural Exercises
- Exercises that require neural communication between muscles, and promote coordinated use of multi-joint movements.
- Subcutaneous
- Below the skin.
- Super Setting
- Done in two ways: 1. Two exercises involving ANTAGONISTIC muscles performed back-to-back. (ex: overhead press/pull-ups) 2. Two exercises involving the SAME muscle group performed back-to-back. (ex: overhead press/lateral raise)
- Supine
- Lying with the face upward.
- Synchronization of Motor Units
- A neural factor that could increase force production. The greater the synchronization, the greater the number of motor units firing at any one time.
- Syndrome
- A set of symptoms occurring together, the sum of signs of a morbid (sad, melancholic) state.
- Synovium
- A thin layer of connective tissue with a free smooth surface that lines the capsule of a joint. Synovial fluid lubricates and facilitates movements of the joint.